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Nair, P. V.
- The State of Myristica Swamp Forests in Southern Western Ghats, India - Butterfly Species Richness as an Indicator
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, St. Thomas' College, Thrissur-1, Kerala, IN
2 Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
1 Department of Zoology, St. Thomas' College, Thrissur-1, Kerala, IN
2 Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 141, No 10 (2015), Pagination: 1056-1066Abstract
Species richness of butterflies in and around the highly fragmented, threatened and restricted patches of Myristica swamp forests in South Western Ghats, Kerala, India was documented. Eighty species of butterflies belonging to 5 families were recorded from these swamp forests with a land area of less than 1.5 km2 (149.75 ha). Species composition inside and outside the swamps showed above 80% similarity Presence-absence of butterfly species was affected by variations in host plant diversity, % of canopy cover, % of inundated area and % of ground litter cover. Habitat usage studies indicated that while habitat specialists were restricted to larger patches of evergreen forests, habitat generalists were not similarly constrained and formed the bulk of the species. The ecotone area between the swamps and the adjacent matrix had relatively more number of species, except where the ecotone had been disturbed. The increase in the butterfly species diversity at the expense of habitat specialists and the proliferation of generalists is an indicator of cryptic changes in the swamp environment leading to increase in microhabitats and host plants associated with disturbance and call for immediate conservation measures.Keywords
Butterfly, Myristica Swamp Forests, Species Richness, Habitat, Conservation.
- Evaluation of Line Transect Sampling Technique in Estimating Elephant Abundance in Forests Using Dung Survey
Abstract Views :600 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Southern Regional Station, National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, IN
2 Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur District 680 653 Kerala, IN
1 Southern Regional Station, National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, IN
2 Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur District 680 653 Kerala, IN
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 142, No 10 (2016), Pagination: 959-964Abstract
Line transect sampling technique is widely applied for estimating the biological population in forests. Recently, this technique has been in use for the estimation of elephant abundance using dung survey. The method of transforming dung count into elephant density requires dung density, which is corrected by defecation and decay rate. In this paper, the performance of the line transect sampling technique (LTS) in dung surveys with particular reference to variation in the number of detections of dung piles caused by annual rainfall variability was evaluated. The data set for this purpose was from the estimation of elephant population in the State of Kerala during the years 2005, 2007 and 2010, covering about 9000 km2. The study showed that the presence of dung piles and its detection probability were dependent on the level of rainfall in the two months preceding the date of dung survey. However, the LTS could provide comparable dung density estimates under the highly varying number of dung piles present in the area due to differences in the annual rainfall pattern.Keywords
Distance Sampling, Detection Probability, Elephant Density, Rainfall Variability.References
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